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Unit 4: Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments (c. 1648 to c. 1815)

7 dot points across 7 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How did print culture, the public sphere, and the arts spread and reflect Enlightenment ideas?

How did population growth and social change reshape 18th-century European life?

How do historians reason about the causes and effects of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment?

What conditions made the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment possible?

How did 18th-century rulers use Enlightenment ideas to reform and strengthen their states?

How did Enlightenment thinkers apply reason to society, politics, religion, and economics?

How did the Scientific Revolution change the way Europeans understood nature and knowledge?