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GeorgiaMaths

Data and Statistical Reasoning

5 dot points across 5 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How do you measure the center and spread of a data set, and how do you compare two distributions fairly?

Compute and interpret measures of center (mean, median) and spread (range, IQR, standard deviation), and compare two distributions using center, spread, and shape (A.DSR, Data and Statistical Reasoning).
A Georgia Milestones Algebra: Concepts & Connections answer on measures of center (mean and median) and spread (range, IQR, standard deviation), choosing mean or median based on skew and outliers, and comparing two distributions by their center, spread, and shape.
10 min answer →

What does the correlation coefficient tell you, why is correlation not causation, and how do residuals show whether a line fits?

Interpret the correlation coefficient, distinguish correlation from causation, and use residuals and a residual plot to judge how well a linear model fits (A.DSR, Data and Statistical Reasoning).
A Georgia Milestones Algebra: Concepts & Connections answer on the correlation coefficient r, why correlation does not imply causation, computing a residual as actual minus predicted, and reading a residual plot to judge whether a linear model is appropriate.
10 min answer →

How do you display one-variable data, and what does each plot (dot plot, histogram, box plot) show about a distribution?

Represent one-variable quantitative data with dot plots, histograms, and box plots, and describe the shape of a distribution (A.DSR, Data and Statistical Reasoning).
A Georgia Milestones Algebra: Concepts & Connections answer on displaying one-variable quantitative data with dot plots, histograms, and box plots, reading the five-number summary from a box plot, and describing the shape of a distribution as symmetric, skewed, or having outliers.
9 min answer →

How do you fit a line to data, and how do you interpret its slope and intercept and use it to predict?

Fit a line of best fit (linear regression) to two-variable data, interpret the slope and y-intercept in context, and use the line to make predictions (A.DSR, Data and Statistical Reasoning).
A Georgia Milestones Algebra: Concepts & Connections answer on lines of best fit and linear regression, interpreting the slope as a rate and the y-intercept as a starting value in context, using the line to predict, and the difference between interpolation and extrapolation.
10 min answer →

How do you read a scatterplot, and how do you describe the form, direction, and strength of a relationship between two variables?

Represent two-variable quantitative data with scatterplots and describe the association by its form, direction, strength, and any outliers (A.DSR, Data and Statistical Reasoning).
A Georgia Milestones Algebra: Concepts & Connections answer on scatterplots and two-variable quantitative data, describing the association by its form (linear or nonlinear), direction (positive or negative), strength, and outliers or clusters.
9 min answer →