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Module 1: Revolutions and the Enlightenment

5 dot points across 5 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How did Enlightenment ideas and the Atlantic revolutions spread to Haiti and Latin America, and with what results?

Explain the causes and consequences of the Haitian Revolution and the Latin American independence movements: how enslaved and colonized peoples used Enlightenment ideas and grievances to overthrow colonial and slave systems (Framework Key Idea 10.2).
A Framework-level answer on the Haitian and Latin American revolutions for the NY Global History and Geography II Regents: the only successful large slave revolt, the role of Toussaint Louverture, Bolivar and San Martin, the colonial grievances, and the lasting consequences, with worked exam questions.
12 min answer →

How do I read a stimulus document on the Global II exam, and what is an enduring issue?

Apply the document skills the Global II exam rewards: reading a source line for author, date, and purpose, identifying point of view and reliability, interpreting maps, charts, and cartoons, and recognizing an enduring issue (Social Studies Practices A, C, D).
An exam-skills answer for the NY Global History and Geography II Regents: how to read a stimulus document for author, date, purpose, point of view, and reliability, how to interpret maps, charts, and political cartoons, and what an enduring issue is, with worked exam questions.
12 min answer →

How did Enlightenment ideas turn into the American and French Revolutions, and what lasting effects did they have?

Explain the causes, key ideas, and consequences of the American and French Revolutions: how Enlightenment ideas, grievances, and demands for rights produced revolution, and the political and social changes that followed (Framework Key Idea 10.2).
A Framework-level answer on the American and French Revolutions for the NY Global History and Geography II Regents: Enlightenment causes, the Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man, the radical phase and Napoleon, and lasting consequences, with worked exam questions.
13 min answer →

How did Enlightenment ideas about reason, natural rights, and government challenge traditional authority?

Explain how the Enlightenment applied reason and natural law to society and government: natural rights, the social contract, popular sovereignty, and separation of powers, and how these ideas challenged absolutism and inspired revolution and reform (Framework Key Idea 10.2).
A Framework-level answer on the Enlightenment for the NY Global History and Geography II Regents: how reason and natural law produced natural rights, the social contract, popular sovereignty, and separation of powers, how the ideas spread, and how they challenged absolutism, with worked exam questions.
12 min answer →

What did the world look like in 1750, and how did powerful states, empires, and trade networks shape it?

Describe the world in 1750: the powerful Eurasian land-based empires, coastal African kingdoms, and growing European maritime empires, and explain how their interactions reshaped global trade networks (Framework Key Idea 10.1).
A Framework-level answer on the world in 1750 for the NY Global History and Geography II Regents: the Eurasian land-based empires, coastal African kingdoms, growing European maritime empires, and how their interactions reshaped global trade, with worked stimulus and CRQ questions.
11 min answer →