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OhioUS History

Industrialization and Progressivism (1877 to 1920)

6 dot points across 6 inquiry questions. Click any dot point for a focused answer with worked past exam questions where available.

How did the new immigration and the growth of cities change American life?

Explain the new immigration from southern and eastern Europe and Asia, the rapid growth of industrial cities, the nativist response, and the reform efforts such as settlement houses (Ohio's Learning Standards for Social Studies, American History, Industrialization and Progressivism).
A standard-level answer on immigration and urbanization for Ohio's American History EOC: the new immigration from southern and eastern Europe and Asia, Ellis Island and Angel Island, the growth of cities and tenements, nativism and the Chinese Exclusion Act, and settlement houses like Hull House, with Ohio's industrial cities.
13 min answer →

What caused rapid industrialization, and how did big business reshape the economy?

Explain how the rise of corporations, heavy industry, mechanized farming, and technological innovations transformed the American economy after 1877, the growth of big business and trusts, and the early government response such as the Sherman Antitrust Act (Ohio's Learning Standards for Social Studies, American History, Industrialization and Progressivism).
A standard-level answer on industrialization for Ohio's American History EOC: the resources, technology, railroads, and labor that drove industrial growth, big business figures like Carnegie and Cleveland's John D. Rockefeller, monopolies and trusts, vertical and horizontal integration, and the Sherman Antitrust Act.
14 min answer →

Why did workers organize, and how did the Gilded Age expose corruption and inequality?

Explain why industrial workers formed labor unions, the major unions and strikes, and the corruption and reform of Gilded Age politics, including political machines and civil service reform (Ohio's Learning Standards for Social Studies, American History, Industrialization and Progressivism).
A standard-level answer on labor and the Gilded Age for Ohio's American History EOC: harsh working conditions, the Knights of Labor and the AFL, the Haymarket, Homestead, and Pullman strikes, political machines and the spoils system, and the Pendleton Act, with Ohio's strikes and reformers.
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How did Progressive amendments and civil rights efforts reshape democracy?

Explain the Progressive constitutional amendments (16th to 19th), the expansion of democracy, and the efforts to extend civil rights for women, African Americans, and other groups in the early 20th century (Ohio's Learning Standards for Social Studies, American History, Industrialization and Progressivism).
A standard-level answer on Progressive amendments and civil rights for Ohio's American History EOC: the 16th to 19th Amendments, direct democracy reforms, women's suffrage, and African American responses to segregation, including Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. Du Bois, and the founding of the NAACP.
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What problems did Progressives try to fix, and how did they expand the role of government?

Explain the rise of Progressivism in response to industrialization, the muckrakers, the reforms of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, and the expansion of government regulation of the economy (Ohio's Learning Standards for Social Studies, American History, Industrialization and Progressivism).
A standard-level answer on the Progressive movement for Ohio's American History EOC: the response to industrialization, muckrakers like Sinclair and Tarbell, Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal and trust-busting, Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom, and the expanding role of government, with Ohio's reform mayors.
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How did settlement of the West transform the land and end American Indian independence?

Explain how the settlement of the West through the Homestead Act, the transcontinental railroad, and new technology developed the frontier, and how federal policy ended American Indian independence through the destruction of the buffalo, the reservation system, and the Dawes Act (Ohio's Learning Standards for Social Studies, American History, Industrialization and Progressivism).
A standard-level answer on the settlement of the West for Ohio's American History EOC: the Homestead Act, the transcontinental railroad, and farm technology, the closing of the frontier, and federal policy toward American Indians, including the destruction of the buffalo, the reservation system, Wounded Knee, and the Dawes Act.
13 min answer →