Which test tells you whether a clause is independent?

The stand-alone test: can it be a complete sentence on its own?

Which sentence is correctly punctuated?

She wrote the report and emailed it to the team.

A complete clause (and what follows may be a list or explanation)

They must match: two commas, two dashes, or two parentheses

Nonessential, correctly set off by a matched pair of commas

12questions. Pick an answer and you'll see why right away.

Which test tells you whether a clause is independent?
Two independent clauses may be correctly joined by:
'Because the road flooded ___ traffic stopped.' Which punctuation is correct?
Which sentence is correctly punctuated?
A colon is correct when the part before it is:
'The museum added three exhibits ___ a dinosaur hall, a planetarium, and a gem vault.' Which mark is correct?
How must the marks around a nonessential supplement relate?
A single, partnerless comma dropped into the middle of a sentence is:
Which choice fixes the comma splice 'The data were inconclusive, the researchers repeated the trial'?
Which choice corrects 'The bakery sold out by noon, however, it reopened the next morning'?
Which is NOT one of the four valid ways to fix two independent clauses?
In 'My only brother, who lives in Tokyo, is visiting,' the clause 'who lives in Tokyo' is: