Georgia Milestones Biology EOC molecular genetics quiz (SB2) quiz

thymine

cytosine

guanine

uracil

RNA contains deoxyribose sugar

RNA is double-stranded and uses thymine

RNA stores the cell's permanent genetic information

RNA is single-stranded and uses uracil instead of thymine

each new molecule has two brand-new strands

only one strand of DNA is copied

the original DNA is destroyed

each new molecule has one original strand and one new strand

complementary base pairing specifies the correct base at each position

RNA proofreads the DNA

the cell adds bases at random

the strands stay paired during copying

replication

respiration

transcription

translation

A T G

T A C

U A C

A U G

four bases, specifying one gene

three bases, specifying one amino acid

one base, specifying one protein

two bases, specifying one nucleotide

a frameshift that changes the reading of all following codons

a change to a whole chromosome

a change to only one codon

no change, because insertions are silent

phenotype change, then DNA change, then protein change

phenotype change, then protein change, then DNA change

DNA change, then protein change, then phenotype change

protein change, then DNA change, then phenotype change

all mutations are harmful

mutations in body cells are always inherited

mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

the environment creates the mutation an organism needs

cloning

genetic engineering

gene therapy

natural selection

building new proteins in a cell

matching DNA patterns in forensics and paternity testing

cloning whole organisms

increasing crop yields